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Real Answer is in this sites archives, from memory I think that it can.
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I've dismantled (and repaired) several HP42S and HP17B-II machines. The only differences between them are the keyboard markings and the ROM code in the `processor' chip (The big TAB one in the middle of the PCB).
All other parts essentially interchange. The display swap should be fine. You may have 'fun' separating the display from the metal frame without breaking it, though.