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Which quadratic formula is use?

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Which quadratic formula is use?
Michel Beaulieu Offline
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#1
09-29-2011, 08:47 AM

I'm amaze by the fact that this quadratic formula is so short :

001- LBL E
002- ENTER
003- R^
004- /
005- R^
006- LSTx
007- /
008- 2
009- CHS
010- /
011- ENTER
012- ENTER
013- x^2
014- R^
015- -
016- SQRT
017- -
018- x<>y
019- LSTx
020- +
021- RTN

I found this on a museum's archive 17 :

http://www.hpmuseum.org/cgi-sys/cgiwrap/hpmuseum/archv017.cgi?read=114345

My shortest program have 30 step. I realize that the formula use for this program is not the same old one we learn at high school.

I'm still learning the RPN stack and programming on the 15C. What is the "modified" formula use?

Thanks

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Dave Britten Offline
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#2
09-29-2011, 09:08 AM

It's probably the same formula in the end, it's just using a ton of RPN tricks to cram the computation into as short a program as possible.

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Gerson W. Barbosa Offline
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#3
09-29-2011, 09:47 AM

Here it is, courtesy of Allen:

On the HP-42S, 15 steps suffice:

00 { 28-Byte Prgm }                        

01 LBL "Q"                     

02 RCL/ ST Z                                         

03 X<> ST Z 

04 /

05 -2                        

06 /                  

07 STO ST Z                 

08 x^2          

09 X<>Y                   

10 -             

11 SQRT      

12 RCL+ ST Y                     

13 X<>Y               

14 RCL- ST L 

15 END

Edited: 29 Sept 2011, 9:54 a.m.

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Jeff O. Offline
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#4
09-29-2011, 10:12 AM

Definitely the standard quadratic formula with optimum use of stack to provide both answers in x and y, as shown in the following listing which shows the stack contents after each function:

Step	Function	     Stack Contents

--------------------------------------------------------	

			T:	--	

			Z:	A	

			Y:	B	

1	 LBL E		X:	C	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	A	

			Z:	B	

			Y:	C	

2	 ENTER		X:	C	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	B	

			Z:	C	

			Y:	C	

3	 R^		X:	A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	B	

			Z:	B	

			Y:	C	

4	 /		X:	C/A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	B	

			Z:	C	

			Y:	C/A	

5	 R^		X:	B	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C	

			Z:	C/A	

			Y:	B	

6	 LSTx		X:	A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C	

			Z:	C	

			Y:	C/A	

7	 /		X:	B/A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C	

			Z:	C/A	

			Y:	B/A	

8	 2		X:	2	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C	

			Z:	C/A	

			Y:	B/A	

9	 CHS		X:	-2	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C	

			Z:	C	

			Y:	C/A	

10	 /		X:	-B/2A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C	

			Z:	C/A	

			Y:	-B/2A	

11	 ENTER		X:	-B/2A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C/A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A	

12	 ENTER		X:	-B/2A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	C/A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A	

13	 x^2		X:	B2/4A2	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	B2/4A2	

14	 R^		X:	C/A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A	

15	 -		X:	B2/4A2-C/A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A	

16	 SQRT		X:	SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

--------------------------------------------------------	

		        T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A	

17	 -		X:	-B/2A-SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)

--------------------------------------------------------	

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A-SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

18	 x<>y		X:	-B/2A	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A-SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

			Y:	-B/2A	

19	 LSTx		X:	SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A-SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

20	 +		X:	-B/2A+SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

--------------------------------------------------------

			T:	-B/2A	

			Z:	-B/2A	

			Y:	-B/2A-SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

21	 RTN		X:	-B/2A+SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A)	

--------------------------------------------------------

Of course SQRT(B2/4A2-C/A) is equal to SQRT(B2-4AC)/2A

listing edited to hopefully make it easier to read

Edited: 29 Sept 2011, 10:05 p.m. after one or more responses were posted

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Michel Beaulieu Offline
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#5
09-29-2011, 01:20 PM

Very impressive use of the stack! I will study it tonight after work...

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Jeff O. Offline
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#6
09-29-2011, 01:57 PM

Agreed. I have edited the listing to hopefully make it easier to read. In case it is not clear, the stack contents on each line are as they will be after the function on that line is executed.

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C.Ret Offline
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#7
09-29-2011, 04:42 PM

Thank you.



Usefull code. Here a more compact version of your code I have input into a personal note format:

Step  Function       t:                       z:                        y:                       x:             Lastx:

----- --------   ------   ----------------------   -----------------------   ----------------------             ------

01    LBL E           ~                        a                         b                        c

02    ENTER           a                        b                         c                        c

03    R^              b                        c                         c                        a

04    /               b                        b                         c                      c/a                  a

05    R^              b                        c                       c/a                        b

06    LSTx            c                      c/a                         b                        a

07    /               c                        c                       c/a                      b/a                  a

08    2               c                      c/a                       b/a                        2

09    CHS             c                      c/a                       b/a                       -2                 -2

10    /               c                        c                       c/a                    -b/2a                 -2

11    ENTER           c                      c/a                     -b/2a                    -b/2a

12    ENTER         c/a                    -b/2a                     -b/2a                    -b/2a

13    x^2           c/a                    -b/2a                     -b/2a                   b²/4a²              -b/2a

14    R^          -b/2a                    -b/2a                    b²/4a²                      c/a

15    -           -b/2a                    -b/2a                     -b/2a               b²/4a²-c/a                c/a

16    SQRT        -b/2a                    -b/2a                     -b/2a         SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)         b²/4a²-c/a

17    -           -b/2a                    -b/2a                     -b/2a   -b/2a-SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)   SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)

18    x<>y        -b/2a                    -b/2a    -b/2a-SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)                    -b/2a

19    LSTx        -b/2a   -b/2a-SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)                     -b/2a         SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)

20    +           -b/2a                    -b/2a    -b/2a-SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)   -b/2a+SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)   SQRT(b²/4a²-c/a)

21    RTN                                                               x1                       x2

----- --------   ------   ----------------------   -----------------------   ----------------------             ------
where x1 and x2 are the real roots of equation a.x2+b.x+c=0



Exemple :
Type 2 [ENTER] 10 [CHS][ENTER] 12 [ GSB ][ E ] to solve 2.x2 - 10.x + 12=0 and get x1 = 2 and x2 = 3

The calculator first display x2, you have to press [x<->y]key to get x1.



But you will be in trouble solving 2.x2 - 8.x + 26=0 !



Note that on HP-15c, this code needs very few modifications to also produce real or complex solution(s) to any a.x2+ b.x + c = 0 equation with real or complex coefficients a, b and c.
Step  Func

----- -------- 

01    LBL E    

02    ENTER    

03    R^       

04    /        

05    R^       

06    LSTx     

07    /        

08    2        

09    CHS      

10    /        

11    ENTER    

12    ENTER    

13    x^2      

14    R^       

15    -        

16    TEST 2      @  ( x<=0 ? )

17    SF 8        @  (Complex mode ON)

18    SQRT     

19    -        

20    x<>y     

21    LSTx     

22    +        

23    RTN      

----- --------

To solve quadratic equation 2.x2 - 8.x + 26 = 0, y have to type :

[ g ][ CF ][ 8 ] to set complex mode OFF in order to enter real coefficients :

[ 2 ][ENTER^][ 8 ][CHS][ENTER^][2][6] to type in respectively a=2, b=-8 and c=26.

[GSB][ E ] to run code.

Note that the ‘C’ enunciator indicates complex solutions z1 = 2-3i and z2 = 2+3i. Imaginary parts have to be displayed using [ f ][Re<->I] switchs or by holding [ f ][(i)] key.

To enter complex coefficients, simply enter a, b and c as complex using [ f][ I ] or [ f ][Re<->Im] method.

Amazing HP-15c!


Edited: 29 Sept 2011, 4:54 p.m.

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Jeff O. Offline
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Joined: Jul 2005
#8
09-29-2011, 10:17 PM

Thanks.

I considered laying the stack contents out horizontally. But I seem to visualize the stack in a vertical layout and find it easier to follow and/or develop how the contents move around if I present it that way. I'll have to do a layout for the complex version tomorrow to see how it works.

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